下水安不安全？Is it dangerous?
先记住这几条。点开看出处。Start with these rules. Tap for sources.
🚩尽量在有救生员的海滩下水，不要独自游。Swim at a lifeguarded beach whenever you can, and never swim alone.
岗亭没人时，官方名单写明可打 911。有疑问就不要出海；不要把背转向大海。If no lifeguard is in the tower, the official list says to call 911. When in doubt, do not go out; never turn your back on the ocean.
来源Sources: Hawaii Ocean Safety Lifeguarded beaches Honolulu Emergency Services — staying safe on Oahu
🌊被急流卷走：别正着游回去，挥手呼救，斜向游出。Caught in a rip: do not fight it head-on; wave, call, swim out at an angle.
哈瑙马湾官方安全页把急流描述为沿礁盘通道快速流动、很难对着游回去的水流；高浪和潮水快速变化时更常见。国家气象局提醒：天气晴朗、海面看起来平静时仍可能有急流。Hanauma Bay’s official safety page describes rip currents as swift flows through reef channels that are hard to swim against; they accompany high surf and rapid tide changes. The National Weather Service notes that rips often form on calm, sunny days.
来源Sources: Hanauma Bay — safety (currents) NWS — rip current safety
🧴夏威夷防晒法管的是销售，不是访客能不能随身带。The sunscreen law regulates sale in the State, not a visitor-carry ban.
2018 年 Act 104（SB 2571）规定：自 2021 年 1 月 1 日起，在夏威夷州销售、要约销售或为销售而分销含有氧苯酮（oxybenzone）或甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯（octinoxate）的防晒产品，除非由持照医疗人员开具处方，否则违法。立法目的是保护包括珊瑚礁在内的海洋生态系统。本页不把“访客不得随身携带”写成法条原文没有写明的禁令。部分县后来可能有更严规定。Act 104 (SB 2571, 2018) makes it unlawful, beginning 1 January 2021, to sell, offer for sale, or distribute for sale in the State any sunscreen that contains oxybenzone or octinoxate without a prescription from a licensed healthcare provider. The stated purpose is to protect marine ecosystems, including coral reefs. This page does not treat a visitor-carry ban as something written into the session law. Some counties may have later, stricter rules.
来源Sources: Session Laws of Hawaii 2018, Act 104 (PDF)
🐢海龟至少 10 英尺（3 米）；僧海豹 50 英尺（15 米）；母豹和幼崽 150 英尺（约 45 米）。Turtles: 10 ft (3 m). Monk seals: 50 ft (15 m). Mother and pup: 150 ft (about 45 m).
无论在沙滩还是水里都要保持距离。不要打扰晒背的海龟。留在标识或围栏后面，牵好狗。切勿触摸、追逐或投喂。它们受联邦和州法律保护。观看请简短，可用望远镜或变焦拍摄。Keep your distance on land and in the water. Do not disturb basking turtles. Stay behind signs or barriers and keep dogs leashed. Never touch, chase, or feed them. They are protected under federal and state law. Keep viewing brief; use binoculars or a zoom.
来源Sources: NOAA Fisheries — viewing marine wildlife in Hawaii DLNR DOBOR — protecting marine species
📅冬季大约 11 月至 4 月：北岸可有巨大危险涌浪，南岸通常较小。Winter is roughly November–April: north shores can see huge, dangerous swell; south shores are typically smaller.
夏季大约是 5 月至 10 月。南岸夏季可能有较大南向涌浪。东岸在强信风下可能较粗；西岸可能被北涌绕射。如果一个海滩太危险，岛屿另一侧往往更平静，但仍以当天为准。Summer is roughly May–October. South shores can receive larger southerly swell in summer. East shores can be rough in strong trades; west shores can see wrap-around northerly swell. If one beach is too dangerous, another shore of the same island is often calmer—but only the day can confirm that.
来源Sources: Hawaii Ocean Safety — Hawaii's surf seasons
🚫不要在情况不明的水中跳水，也不要走上被浪打湿的岩石。Do not dive into unknown water, and stay off wet rocks and ledges.
也不要在浅碎浪里跳水。与同伴一起浮潜。不要把浮具当成游泳能力的替代。儿童须由成人全程看管。Do not dive into shallow breaking waves. Snorkel with a buddy. Do not treat flotation as a substitute for swimming ability. Children need constant adult supervision.
来源Sources: Honolulu Emergency Services — staying safe on Oahu Hanauma Bay — safety and accessibility